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Glossary

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C

Community Language Learning

A teaching approach focusing on student-to-student and student-to-teacher relationships to establish a healthy language learning environment.

Comprehensible Input

A hypothesis that learners will acquire language best when the material is comprehensible to them. The input should be accessible so that they can understand it, but it should be just beyond their level of competence. Input will lead to acquisition so long as the input is challenging, yet easy enough to understand without conscious effort at learning. If the learner is at level i, then input should come at level i+1. I+1 means that material is comprehensible with a few new forms for students to naturally acquire.

Conjugation

The inflection and various spellings of verbs. Conjugation may be affected by person, number, gender, tense, aspect, mood, or voice.

Content-Based Instruction (CBI)

A teaching method that focuses on content or contexts in which students would use English instead of solely focusing on grammar. A topic or theme is chosen and all language aspects are taught through that topic or theme.

Cooperative Learning

When students work in small groups toward social and academic learning goals. Small mixed groups allow ESL students to feel at ease while learning English. Peers in the group support the new language learners as they discuss the lesson material in English. The group atmosphere provides a non-threatening environment for students and self-confidence is strengthened.

Corrective Feedback

Feedback highlighting (and possibly correcting) student errors in speech, such as mispronunciations or grammatical errors.

Course Goals

Larger course aims for an extended period of time as opposed to learning objectives, which usually state what a student will be able to do at the end of a lesson. Course goals are often stated in terms of broad course content and tasks, or what a student will do over the length of a course.

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